What term describes the measurable characteristics of a population, including factors like age and gender?

The term that describes the measurable characteristics of a population, including factors like age and gender, is demographics. Demographics encompass statistical data that represents the composition of a population, allowing businesses and organizations to understand the general characteristics of target markets. This information is crucial for tailoring products, services, and marketing strategies to meet the needs and preferences of different demographic segments.

In contrast, other terms like market refer to the broader concept of consumers and demand for a product or service in economic terms, while niche refers to a specific segment of the market that has its own identifiable characteristics or needs. Psychographics, on the other hand, focus on the psychological attributes and lifestyle choices of individuals, such as their interests, values, and behaviors, rather than the measurable characteristics that demographics provide. Thus, demographics specifically embody the quantitative aspects of a population that are essential for effective market analysis and strategy development.