What is the effect of using verbal disrupters in conversation?

Using verbal disrupters in conversation typically leads to confusion because they interrupt the natural flow of dialogue. These fillers or interjections—like "um," "uh," or phrases like "you know"—can distract listeners and make it harder for them to follow the speaker's main points. When someone uses verbal disrupters, it can prompt questions in the audience's mind about what the speaker is actually trying to convey, leading to a lack of clarity and possible misinterpretation of the message.

In contrast, effective communication aims to maintain clarity and coherence, which is hindered by the presence of disrupters. The presence of such verbal pauses can cause listeners to focus more on the speaker's hesitations than on the content being discussed, further contributing to confusion.